Vaporizer and carburetor



Dec, 9, l

H. V. CROON VAPORIZER AND 'CARBURETOR Fiied Jan. 2l, 1922 Patented Dec.` 9, 1924.

UNITED STATES 'PATENT FMC'.

LESYZ HERMAN v. cRooN, or oHIcXGo, ILLINOIS..

VAPORIZER AND CARBURETOR- Applieauon mea January 21, 1922. semi u. 530,761.

['u all whom 'it may concern.

lle it'known that l. Hnnuax V. Cnoox, a citizen. of the lfnitcd States, residing at Chicago, in the county of (bok and State of Illinois. have invented a certain new' and useful lmprovenientin Vaporizers and Carliurclors. of which the following is a full,. clear. concise. and exact description, reference heilig had to the accompanying drawings. forming a part of this specification. i

My invention pertains to vaporizing carl u i reto rs.

'lhe theory upon whic'h'the present curburetor and vup'orizer opera-tes is an entire departure. from the theory of operation of practically all commercial curburetors of the present day. Heretoforc, the feed of liquid fuel has generally been in liquid spray. form vfrom a fuel feeding nozzle or orifice discharging' -under the combined influence of the engine suction and the' aspirating action of the high vehicity stream ofA air flowing past the fu'el nozzle'. 'In the 'present instance the fuel isl'suhjected to a suctipn of sufficient from the liquid'fuel. this fuel vapor being fed to the air stream as the principal-or sole fuel component of the mixture. This latter method produces u completely gasiticd mixture as distinguished from the wet. imperfectly' formed 'mixture which so frei uently resultsfrour'the projection of the fuel in liquid vform into the air stream. Consequently, by the present theory there is avoided a large part of the well known carburetion. difficulties arising from these improperly formed mixtures, such as loading or uccurnulatious'of condensation on the manifold walls; luck Vof responsiveness to acceleration; crank case dilution resulting from incompletely vaporized fuel failing to burn and descending' into the crank case past the piston; and other difficulties well known to those skilled in the art.' y l 45 According f 'to 4the pre erredl manner of. .pramticil 'fr the present theory, the vaporiza.- tion 'of-t e fuel by suction may be accom- ..pli shedfby"g'subjectmg n.' substantially quies- "cpnt body of 'fueltothe suction; or by agifprojecting theifuel and subjecting I L ii'ormoving'bodyof fuel to suciibn'rlby'combination of both. Heat loe/employed in connection with the .mirati i suction' #increasing the mi@ 0f Poma rution' tithefifuel.

'Ini-tlleiembodiments hereinafter shown, it

intensityt'o produce a aseous fuel vapor will be noted that the proper production of vapor according -to this theory is not depend ent in any 'sense upon the mainieuanoe of a strictly accurate fuel level. Where the vaporizationis. from a substantially quiescent body of fuel it is only necessary to maintain a body of fuel with a sufficiently extensive area or free va orizing surface to insure the generation of tie requisite/volume of vapor. Any fluctuation or-tilting of the level of this "apori'zing fuel surface does not influence the operation of the carburetor, as the generation of vapor is not materially affected by such .fluctuations or inclinations of the vvfuel level. This is of ad'vantage'iu all fields of carburetion` whereinclination or change of fuel level will frequently modify the proportions of the mixture undesirably, but is of greatest significance mama-tion practice where the motion and the various maneuvers -Which will generally exist between the intensity of suction and the. rute of vaporization of the fuel, this rate of fuel .'aporiza.- fion being primarily responsive to the intensity of suction.

Another desirable characteristic accruing to lthel present method of carburetion is the ability to automatically Iraise or 'draw the fuel from the supply tank to the carburetor without the intervention of vacuum feed tanks, a pressure feed from the supply tank, or a. gravity head'. By subjecting the fuel in the vaporizer to suction of a vaporizing degree sufficient suction is available at the carburetor during all engine speeos to afford a direct suction lift of the fuel to the cerburetor.

In the accompanying drawings iilustrnt- Fig 3 is a vertical sectional View of e.

modified construction. I

The vaporizer and carburetor is embodled in a casting 5 comprising u fuel vaporizing chamber und an air passageway 7.. The passageway 7 is illustrated as being vertical, but it will be obvious that the carburetor may be of the` horizontal tube type aswell The air passageway 7 opens into a carburet the c'arbureting chamber 8 is controlledl by al conventional throttle valve 11 mounted en 3,-.'-

transverse shaft 12. The discharge offiirn into the carbureting chamber 8 is controllei" l by a throttle or swingingflap valve lwhicli is also mounted on a control shaftwl exg.,

tending through the side. walls ofthe casting. The two valves 11- and 13 are 'coni nected together for joint operation "in such @manner as to maintain a vaporizin suc' tion in the carbureting chamber 8,'as shall presentlydescribe.

J1() hothefrside'of thefwall or paitition 95?# vii-por Y passageway I15 extends' dowfixto to the. top 'of the vaponzing iitediff'rom'the interior of the-vaporizmg chainberfby an inclined wall lhavin'g a port-- .The discharge -of 'vaprthroughrthis is controlled by a' largement or 9. valv''- 18 may the bossflg, 'buff-' referably;l threaded in a bushing21jfwhich`g1u-in tuf/ rnfjthreded 4into the ldol/iss.. 19.*- Arc'elg' threads down over thelfbushinrerv 2 and seals the needle adjustment against leakage'of suction. In lieu of the`arrangement shown, it will-be obvious to those skilled in the-art that this needle valve may 'De arranged for manual control from the dash or steering column through the intexrxention of a suitable control rod extending` thereto` or this needle valve may be arranged to q erafc simultaneously with the throttle valve through any1-well known system of linkage for controlling/ the sizev of the vapor port l? in accru'dane with the position of the throttle valve.,l

The fuel is supplied to' the .vaporizing chamber (i through an inlet plug 24 which lscrews intb the removable cover 25 closing. the top ot' the chamber 6. The supply pipe is'ffadapted to havethreaded connection in anobvio'us manner with the upper end of the plug constitutingfan inlet ort 26 adapted to be controlled by'a.nced-e valve 27. and float 28. The stem of the needle valve 27 is guided in the hub of the guide bracket 29 securedto the under side" of thc cover 25. The'inlet port 26 and the end of the needle valve 27 maybe formed on a relatively obtuse taper. In .the operation Lef the carburetor a relatively high vsuction prevails above the fuel lcvellin the vaporizing chamber 6 and `p0'1t'26 toghe projected into the chamber at a 'relatively higlivelocity owing to the concases/anyffuel .entering through 'the siderable diference'of pressure between the v chamber'an'd thesupply tank; This fuel isprojcctediby the obtuse taper on the end divided state.

u ction fo1 "b`taining the ""ingfpction is obtained by Irene 13 l'salariat the lfiwill have-jiu [certain lead of'openifn pose of thievestoiaintainh thefcarbureting chamber. 8v :and "passagewaylgli- .ej vacuum or suction of sudcient. degree-ltovaporize'the fuel `in the?J amber 6 throughout substantia'lly'tliefer'iire rangepfengine speeds.- As;

shown 1n. `ig.f '2, the'fouterendof the throttle shaft: carries, an operating"V .arm 32 which has pivotal countionwith an loperating rod 33 .extendingvto the controlxinechamsug .such as theaceelerator pedal end .steeringpolumn 'contrlffleven-fj The pivotv-ihas connection through#v :i i link C35Y with 'an operating arm 'shaft-.14." 'An' eyeA 37.-. engages ,"overrth pivot 35, whereby the link may b e convenentlyi'ex-' receive a slot 38 through which exten s a bolt39 passing through the-endof theliuk 35. .The engagement of the boltj 39 in the lof fuel vapor obtained 'o f. the needl'egvalve 27 into a conical curtain 0f liquid 'fuel'i'btoken up into a finely sb- 'Ehis is an alternative feature the airf'yalve 13.. The pur- -36 on .the.projectingcnd-ff.the'air-valve have direct scr'e threaded; engagement m 34 andeiis screw''threadedfor'recept'lou in the threaded socket in thefendfof the fl.ink.

lot

slot.38 aTords a lost motion; connection beiween'the link 35 and' 'operating varm 36,-

whereby the throttle valve '1l is` opened to a limited extent prior to opening' movement -v of the air valve 18. The end of the operating arm 36 isprovided with a hook or lug 41 over which engages one end of aten'sion spring 42, the other endof this spring being secured to the body of the carburetor at 43.

The admission of air to the air passage' way 7 is controlled by a choke valve 44,

which swings on a transverse valve shaft 45. The outer end of this shaft has an operatin armv 46 connecting through a rod- 47 wit any suitable dash or steering column con trol. The needle valve 27 has no .pivotal or fixed connection'with the iloat28 but nerely A rides on a platee() on the top ofthe float. This permits the 'oat to incline orshift' needle valve. The oat is confined against under change 'of level without binding jthe shifting entrel out from under the needlei valve by a gui e post 48 which projects 'upward' from a 'removable nut or plug 49 screw ng into; the'4 bottom of the vaporizing anatra tion in the carbureting chamber 8 and the vapor passageway 15.* When the throttle 11 i9.. -is initially opened, the air valve 13-lags be- 'nhind the opening movement of the throttle to such an extent that the ,volume ot'` air admitted from the passageway 7 iis' insulti-l cient to satisfy the suction 'in the carbureting 15 chamber 8, with the result that a relatively high suction prevails in this chamber and the vapor passageway 15 at this time. Similarly, when the throttle 11 hasbeen moved to its full open` position, the flow of, air from '20 the passageway 7 is still insuicient to com# pletely satisfy thegsuction in the carbureting chamber 8, with the result that a relatively high suction is also maintained-in the car` bureting chamber at .this time. This-high it lowers the boiling point of the liquid fuel and results in the relatively broad surface of fuel giving up a consderable'volume of 3 fuel vapor. This vapor is drawn ,out

through the port '17 under the ,control of'.

the needle valve 18 '-and, passing upwardly through the passageway 15, mingles with the air stream entering the carburetion chamber 35 8 from the air passageway 7. The fuel which is thus supplied to the air stream is an ideal vapor completely vaporized and devoid of liquid particles which form such a j large part of the discharge from the conventional aspirating fuel jet, and which cause thc loading7 deposition of carbon and crank case dilution hereinbcfore mentioned. If desired, the emission o' vapor-maybe augmented by arranging the entering fuel to .45 discharge in a finely subdivided state whereby the suction in the chamber 6 will have -inlimate contact with the fuel for Vaporizing the same. It will be obvious that the high suction 'in the upper part of the cham-v 'ber 6 will insurea reliable suction feed of Athe fuel' from the supply tank tothe carbureter atall'fengine speeds.

In Figure 3 Inhave illustrated a modified construction whereinthe fuel vapor is discharged from a jet or nozzle o ver which. 'sweeps the air streamkin its flow through the carbureting chamber. The carbureting chamber 8 has a vapor nozzle'51 projecting into the lower end of the chamber, this nozzleextending upwardly from an intermediate plate 52 which closes the bottom of the carbureting chamber 8 and the top oi the fuel vaporizing chamber 6. The complete tuting part of the casting and this sleeve suction is transmitted through the" ,vapor port 17 into the vaporizingchamber 6.- vHere chokerfvalve 61 inthe intake 62 toV this carburetor assembly in this form shown in' Figure 3l consists of the upper l53,

the` plate .52 and thejbowl 6' forming the fuel vaporizing-chamber.' The carburting chamber' 8' is defined'in. a sleeve 54-consti terminates short of the plate so` as to 70 provide anannular air admission'port to thefbottom of the carbureting chamber 8.- This annular port is below the tip ofthe vapor nozzle 51 so that the hi h velocity stream of air entering through this ,port will sweep upwardly and laterally across the tip -of the nozzle, 51, a venturi batlie 60 aiding in. directing the' flow 'of air, thereby adding the velocity suctionof the air stream to the static suctionof the carbureting chamber in producing a high aggregate suctionavailable at 'the tip of the nozzle. An adequate static suction ismaintained in the carhureting4 .chamber 8', by asleeve valve 56 which rcciprocates either inside or outside ofv the sleeve 54. and controls' the size of' the-,air l admiion port55, Alink 57 has pivotal connectinfwith' this :sleeve 'valve 56' and ment, operation-'of the throttle also operates the' air-admission valve 56 to control the 'suction in the carbureting chamber, anal-- '-by' providing a jacket 59 lto surround the' air admission port `55,4 and arranging a jacket. y y As previously remarked.l the high suction transmitted into the vaporizing charnher 6 through the'fnozzle 51l results in the fuel feeding into the chamber 6 under a considerable head. `To insure complete. closure ofthe fuel intake valve when 'the level reaches a relatively high. point, I have arranged a multiplied leverage between the -float 63 andthe inlet valve 64. An arm 65 extends from 'the float and Has pivotal connec-.tion lat 66 in thevaporizingchamber, this arm having a short-extension 67 which operates to' control 'the seating or unseating of the valve 64:. This valve and its cooperating valve seat maybe tapered to secure the fuelv dispersin'g-action previously described,- i deend the-vaporizin',`e` chamber 6 or may be. provided with a jacket 71 lfor heating' a 1 30 v-va-pix-outlet means,

32 ber ibe'ing otherwise closed, and said vapor .Y u foijits level, a float in sai ber, anda valve operated by said float and *controlling said inlet means, fliquid -fuel..in said preventedffroiiirrisi'ngat any'pointabove the adapted .for connection with -`the Vexhaust 'manifol/dor -w-ith thefcoolngcircuit, in a.

manner obvious to those skilled in the art. Howevergin the actual-opratioii'o'f a device such as 'shown in Figure 1 I have found'that the suction alfine. iscapable of vaporizing a relatively-` ;large quantity of fuel.. claimhz l 4:1. A-In'a vaporizer andcarb'uretor Vfer iiiternal combustion engines, a carbureting chamber having an airtinlet and amixture outlet adapted to-be connectedto the intake of .an internalcoinb'ustion engine whereby y said'carburetmg chamber -is under suction ".when \the engine is o rating,'a vaporizin chamber having liqui .fuel inlet means an said vaporizing chainfoutlet means ,being in open communication -avitlisa'd-earbureting chamber to effect suctioii'lcreated; in said carbureting chamber,

vaporizing chamber by the suc.

said va orizing chamber having non-absorbvaporizing chamwhereby the jvaporizing levelzdeltermined .by said'ioat and valvegf. 'In a-vaporizer and-carburetorforjin- -ffternall combustion engines,A acarbureting '35 chamber having fofaiin internal. combustion engine whereby #said lc'arbureting, chamber is under` suction when'- the engine is operating, as'aporizing chmber having liquid fuellinlet means and *vapcr outlet means', .said vaporizing chamber fbeiiigV otherwise closed`and said vapor outthrottle.

chamber is v operated by sai an air inlet and a mixture :outlet adapted tolbe connected tothe intake ing at any point above let means being in open communication with .said c'orb'uretiiig 'in said vaporizing chamber by the created in said v carbureting chamber,l said .chamber tov effect suction vaporizing chamber having :non-absorbent walls 'defining' a body a .valve operated by said float and controlling said inlet means, whereby the liquid fuel in said vaporizingch beiis prevented from rising at an point above ,the'level deter-y mined by said oat and valve, a throttle 'in said mixture outlet, and a. .valve iii said air inlet operatively connected with said 3. In a 'vaporizer and carlciuretoi"v for inter;

nal combustion engines, a carbureting chain-V ber'having an air inlet vand a mixture outlet adapted -to be connected to the-intake oan internal combustion engine, whereby said earburetingv chamber-is under suction when the engine is operating, a 'vaporizing' chamberhaving liquid fuel inlet means and vapor outlet means, said vaporizing chamberfbeing otherwise closedv and said vapor outlet means 'beinglbn'o encoxnmunication with said carainberto effect' .suction in' said v'inaporizing chamber suction created ,in 'said carburetin'gchambeQ-said vaiporizing chamber having nonabsorbent wa s defining ya bodyr 'ofliquidexcept ,for 'its'leveLa float in `saidsv'aporizing chamber', a valve y l ijlo'at and .controlling said inlet mensa-whereby theliquid fuel 'in said vaporizing .-;'chamber is prevented from1ris.. l the'level determined by saidfloat and valve,'-and means 'for 'applying heat to said vapori'zingchamber.

In witness whereof, I'hereunto subscribe my name this 14th day of January, 1922.-

HERMAN' v. cRooN;

suction oflquid except for itslevel, a float in said vaporizing chamber,` 

